Kutha kutentha kupitirira madigiri 300 mu matabwa a silikoni kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, chifukwa zipangizo za silikoni nthawi zambiri zimagwira ntchito m'kati mwa-madigiri 60 mpaka 200 pa nthawi yaitali{4}}zimagwiritsa ntchito, ndipo kutentha kwakanthawi kochepa kumatha kufika madigiri 250 . Kutentha kukadutsa malirewo, msana wa polima umayamba kutsika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale zolimba, kutaya mphamvu, ndipo pamapeto pake kuphwanyika.
Kuti muzitha kupirira kutentha kwa madigiri oposa 300 , m'pofunika kupanga mapangidwe ndi kukhathamiritsa bwino kwambiri kuchokera ku zinthu zofunika kwambiri, zolimbitsa thupi,{1}}zoletsa kutentha, kuchita thovu ndi kamangidwe kake.
Njira zazikulu zaukadaulo ndi malingaliro oti mukwaniritse cholinga ichi ndi izi:
I. Kusankha ndi Kukhathamiritsa kwa Zida Zazikulu
Ichi ndi sitepe yofunikira kwambiri.
Gwiritsani ntchito mphira wapamwamba wa phenyl silicone:
Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri: Raba wamba wa silikoni (rabala ya methyl vinyl silikoni) imakhala ndi kukana kutentha pang'ono. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa magulu a phenyl (makamaka okwera kwambiri a diphenylsiloxane chain segments) mu siloxane main chain amatha kusintha kwambiri kutentha kwa zinthuzo.
Ntchito: Zokulirapo za ling'i ya benzene komanso momwe zimakondera zimatha kuteteza ndi kukhazikika kutentha-kutentha kwa Si-O ma bond, potero kuletsa kuwonongeka kwa ma cyclization ndi kung'ambika kwa oxidative kwa cheni cha polima. Rabara ya sililicone yapamwamba-imatha kupirira kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali-kufikira 250-300 digirii ndi kutentha kwakanthawi kochepa kopitilira 350 degrees .
Gwiritsani ntchito fumed silika ngati chowonjezera chowonjezera:
Kufunika: Gelisi ya silica yosalimba imakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa kwambiri. Silika ya fumed (nanoscale silica) ndiye chowonjezera chokhacho chomwe chimatha kupereka mphamvu zomwe zimafunikira ndi silika gel.
Zofunika: Ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito-purity fumed silica yokhala ndi mankhwala apadera, kukula kwa tinthu ting'onoting'ono komanso malo akuluakulu enieni. Itha kupanga nano yolimba-mawonekedwe a netiweki mu silica matrix ndikusunga mawonekedwe ena ngakhale kutentha kwambiri.
II. Kutentha kugonjetsedwa ndi zowonjezera dongosolo
Sikokwanira kudalira zinthu zofunika zokha, komanso zinthu zina zapadera zosagwirizana ndi kutentha ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku "chitetezo ndi kuperekeza".
Heat stabilizer:
1)Iron oxide (Fe₂O₃): Ichi ndiye chowonjezera chapamwamba kwambiri komanso chothandiza kwambiri-chosamva kutentha. Zofiira-zofiirira -Fe₂O₃ zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Imagwira ma free radicals omwe amaukira msana wa siloxane pa kutentha kwambiri ndipo amathandizira kupanga mapangidwe okhazikika a siloxane-carbon, potero amalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa msana. Mlingo nthawi zambiri umachokera ku magawo 0,5 mpaka 3.
2)Cerium oxide (CeO₂) ndi nthaka yosowa kwambiri-yochokera ku kutentha{2}}yosamva kutentha, makamaka ikaphatikizidwa ndi Fe₂O₃. Zimalepheretsa bwino kutsekemera ndi okosijeni wamagulu a silanol.
3) Ma oxide ena osowa padziko lapansi, monga lanthanum oxide (La₂O₃), amawonetsanso kukhazikika kwamafuta.
Sankhani dongosolo loyenera la vulcanization:
1) Peroxide vulcanization: Popanga thovu, ma peroxides (monga bis(2,5-tertiary)peroxide) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati vulcanizing agents. Ndikofunikira kusankha ma peroxide okhala ndi zinthu zowola zokhazikika komanso zinthu zosawononga, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti vulcanization yonse itetezedwe kuti zinthu zotsalira zisawonongeke potentha kwambiri.
2)Platinum sulfide (addition sulfide) ndiyo njira yabwino ngati thovu-lopanga njira zololeza. Mtanda wake-wolumikizika wa Si-Mapangidwe a C amaonetsa kupirira kwapamwamba kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ma C-mabondi C mu kachitidwe ka peroxide{{6}, popanda zotsalira zowola. Komabe, makina ozikidwa pa platinamu{8}amafuna kuti pakhale ndondomeko zokhwima komanso zowongolera zachilengedwe ndipo sachedwa kupha chiphe.
III. Zovuta za ndondomeko ya thovu
Pamene mukutsata kukana kutentha kwakukulu, m'pofunikanso kukwaniritsa mawonekedwe ofanana ndi okhazikika a thovu.
Mankhwala opangira thovu: Kutentha kwa kuwonongeka kuyenera kufanana ndi kutentha kwa vulcanization, ndipo chowolacho chiyenera kukhala mpweya wosagwira ntchito (monga nayitrogeni). Zotsalira zowonongeka siziyenera kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa matrix a silika gel.
Kutulutsa thovu mwakuthupi: Ukadaulo monga kutulutsa thovu kwamadzi ochulukirapo kumatha kupewa vuto la zotsalira za zinthu zotulutsa thovu, koma ndalama zogulira zida ndizambiri ndipo njira yake ndi yovuta.
Mfundo yofunika: Ziribe kanthu momwe thovu limagwiritsidwira ntchito, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti mawonekedwe a cell ndi okhazikika komanso khoma la cell ndi wandiweyani. Maselo otseguka kapena khoma lofooka la cell lidzagwa kapena kusweka mofulumira pa kutentha kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa ntchito ya kutentha kwa kutentha.
IV. Kapangidwe ndi Zolemba{1}}Mapangidwe Okonza
Wonjezerani kachulukidwe/Chepetsani thovu: Pokwaniritsa zolemera ndi zofewa, moyenerera onjezerani kachulukidwe ka foam board (ndiko kuti, kuchepetsa kutulutsa thovu) kumatha kutentha kwambiri-pakhoma la dzenje losagwira ntchito, motero kuwongolera kulimba kwa kutentha ndi mphamvu zamakina.
Kapangidwe ka gulu: Ganizirani kupanga "sangweji", mwachitsanzo, yokhala ndi mbali ziwiri zopangidwa ndi-zopanda kutentha zosagwira-filimu ya sililicone yopangidwa ndi porous kapena galasi fiber cloth composite, ndi wosanjikiza wa thovu pakati. Izi zitha kuteteza mawonekedwe osalimba a porous kuti asatengeke mwachindunji ndi kutentha kwambiri.
Positi-kutentha kwambiri kwa kutentha: The foam board yomwe yapangidwa ikufunika kutsekedwa{1}}kutentha kwambiri (monga kuphikidwa kwa maola angapo pa 200-250 degrees ) kuti achotseretu kutsika kwa ma molekyulu ndi kukhazikika pa netiweki yolumikizana, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito kwanthawi yayitali.