Wokondedwa mainjiniya, othandizana nawo pakugula zinthu, ndi opanga zisankho zaukadaulo-:
Pazokambirana zathu zatsiku ndi tsiku zaukadaulo, funso lomwe timafunsidwa nthawi zambiri siliri "Kodi mtengo wake ndi wotani?" koma m'malo mwake, "Kodi chingwe chosindikizirachi chikhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?"
Makasitomala ambiri akumana ndi vuto ili: chitsanzocho chikuwonetsa kusindikiza koyenera pakuyesedwa, koma kumayamba kutuluka madzi kapena mpweya pakatha miyezi itatu yogwira ntchito; kapena, ngakhale kuumako kumakwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zafotokozedwa, ma indentation osasinthika amawonedwa pa disassembly. Choyambitsa cha zochitika zonsezi chagona pa katundu wofunikira kwambiri pamakampani opanga mphira - Compression Set (CS).
Lero, tipitilira malingaliro osamveka ndipo, kuyambira unyolo wa mamolekyu ndi kapangidwe ka pore, tiphwanya mfundo zomwe zimatsimikizira momwe kusindikiza kumagwirira ntchito.
I. Kubwereranso "Compressive Permanent Deformation"
M'munda wa silicone wokhala ndi thovu, ntchito yosindikiza ndi yofanana ndi kuuma; ntchito yosindikiza imakhalanso yofanana ndi kuthekera kolimbana ndi kupunduka kokakamiza.
Kupindika kokhazikika kokhazikika kumatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa mapindikidwe omwe chiyeso choyezera sichingayambirenso pambuyo potsitsa, pomwe chithunzicho chikapanikizidwa pamlingo wina (mwachitsanzo, 25% kapena 50%) pa kutentha komwe kwadziwika (mwachitsanzo, 100 digiri) kwa nthawi yodziwika (mwachitsanzo, 22 h kapena 72 h). Mtengo wocheperako wa chizindikirochi ukuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zotanuka komanso kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono kwa kutayikira.
Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kokhazikika kumachitika, kumawonetsa:
Kupumula kwa kupsinjika kwa mawonekedwe: Mphamvu yokhomerera pamalumikizidwe a flange imachepa ndikutsika pansi pa kukakamiza kwapakati.
Mapangidwe a Microchannel: Kuphulika kwa pore kapena kugwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti njira zolumikizirana zidutse.
Kukonza pafupipafupi: Maboti amayenera kumangidwa pafupipafupi kuti athe kubwezera kupsinjika.
II. Miyezo Inayi Yaikulu Imene Imatsimikizira Tsogolo Losintha
Chikoka cha compressive deformation sichili chifukwa cha chinthu chimodzi, koma chimayimira zovuta za "systematic engineering". Tagawa izi m'magulu anayi osiyana, kuyambira pa microscopic kupita ku macroscopic sikelo:
1. Jini la Zinthu: Mphamvu za Masewera a Mapangidwe Kachitidwe
Ichi ndiye chomwe chimayambitsa mapindikidwe, chomwe chimatsimikiziridwa ndi mphira wa silicone yaiwisi yaiwisi ndi dongosolo lowonjezera.
Kusankhidwa kwa rabara (base polima): Zomwe zili ndi vinilu ndi kugawa kwa mamolekyulu zimakhudza mwachindunji kachulukidwe kawo. Rabara yaiwisi yokhala ndi mamasukidwe apamwamba kwambiri amawonetsa kutsekeka kwakukulu kwa unyolo wa maselo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti maunyolo azitha kutsetsereka panthawi yoponderezedwa; chifukwa, mapindikidwe okhazikika nthawi zambiri mopambanitsa.
Njira yolimbikitsira komanso yolumikizira: Pali "malo olowera golide" pamlingo wa ma vulcanizing agents. Ngakhale kuchulukitsitsa kwa vulcanizing wothandizira kumawonjezera kuuma, kumatha kupangitsa maunyolo a mamolekyu kukhala olimba kwambiri ndikuchepetsa kusinthasintha kwawo, potero kumakhudza kwambiri kukana kutopa.
Kufananitsa ndi thovu: Kuchuluka kwa thovu kuyenera kulumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa vulcanization. Ngati thovu lichitika mofulumira kwambiri popanda kuwoloka-kokwanira, makoma a thovulo amakhala oonda kwambiri ndipo amang'ambika nthawi yomweyo akakanikizidwa; ngati kuwoloka-kulumikizana mwachangu kwambiri uku kutuluka thovu kukuchedwa, thovulo silingafutukuke mokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma cell atsekedwe osakwanira-.
2. Microstructure: Chotsekedwa-chidutswa cha pore volume ndi kagawidwe ka kabowo
Awa ndiye bwalo lankhondo lalikulu pomwe silikoni yokhala ndi thovu imasiyana ndi silikoni yolimba.
Malo abwino: Mayunifolomu, abwino-chisa cha uchi chokhala ndi ma cell otsekeka kwambiri-. Akapanikizidwa, mpweya womwe uli mkati mwa ma cell otsekedwa umamvera lamulo la Boyle (P₁V₁=P₂V₂), kupereka chithandizo cha mpweya chomwe chimathandizira kuti ma cell abwererenso mofulumira.
Ma pores osalongosoka: Ngati kukula kwa pore sikuli kofanana (mwina kutsekedwa kapena kutseguka pores alipo), kupsinjika kwapakatikati kumakhazikika pama pores akulu kwambiri. Malo ofookawa akayamba kusweka kapena kusweka, kukanikizana kwa gawo lonse losindikizira-kusokonekera.
3. Kayendetsedwe ka ntchito: Kutentha ndi zowonera{1}}zimayambitsa kukalamba
Ichi ndi chinthu chakunja komanso chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chinachititsa kuti -alephereke patsamba.
Kukalamba-kukalamba kwa okosijeni: Kutentha kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti msana wa silikoni polima udutse msanga. M'kupita kwa nthawi, zinthuzo zimalimba, ndipo kuphatikizika kwa mkati-kumasintha kachulukidwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukhazikikeko kukhazikike. Pa 150 digiri , ndi mapindikidwe mlingo wa silikoni wamba kungakhale 3-5 zina kuona firiji.
Compression ratio setting: It is generally recommended that the compression ratio be between 15% and 25%. An excessively high compression ratio (>30%) idzaphwanya mwachindunji ma pores, ndikupangitsa kuwonongeka kwakuthupi kosasinthika; chiŵerengero chotsika kwambiri cha kuponderezana chidzalephera kukhazikitsa chiŵerengero champhamvu chosindikizira choyambirira.
4. Njira yovulaza: Kulephera kwa thupi panthawi ya kupanikizika
Pansi pa maikulosikopu, kulephera kukakamiza kumaphatikizapo magawo atatu:
Gawo I (Kuthawa kwa Gasi): Kuthamanga kwadzidzidzi kumakakamiza mpweya mkati mwa khola lotsekedwa kuthawa kudzera mu ma micropores omwe ali pakhoma.
Phase II (Bubble Wall Folding): Khoma la thovu, loyang'anizana ndi njira yoponderezedwa, limapanga mikwingwirima yokhazikika pansi pa mphamvu yakumeta ubweya.
Gawo lachitatu (Kuphulika kwa khoma la bubble): Khoma la thovu, loyang'ana kumbali ya kupanikizika, limaphulika chifukwa cha kutambasula kwambiri; ming'alu yoyandikana nayo imalumikizana, ndikupanga mng'alu waukulu.
III. Chitsogozo Chopewera Mavuto Odziwika Posankha Zogulitsa
Monga ogwiritsira ntchito, sitikulimbikitsa kuti makasitomala azingoyang'ana pa "makhalidwe" omwe alembedwa mu lipoti la mayeso; m'malo mwake, ayenera kumvetsera "makhalidwe pansi pa zochitika zenizeni." Nazi malingaliro atatu othandiza:
Pemphani data ya "post-kukalamba", osati "zoyendera koyamba".
Chonde onani psinjika okhazikika deformation deta anapezedwa pambuyo ukalamba pa 150 digiri kwa 72 h kapena 225 digiri 24 h, monga anapereka ndi katundu. Kuchita bwino pa kutentha kwa chipinda sikutsimikizira kukhazikika pa kutentha kokwera.
Yang'anani kapindika ka "stress relaxation".
Compressive permanent deformation ndi chinthu chokhazikika, pomwe kupumula kupsinjika ndi njira yosinthira. Zinthu zikaloleza, woperekayo ayenera kupemphedwa kuti apereke ma curve omwe akuwonetsa momwe mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchitoyo imawola pakapita nthawi pamlingo wokhazikika. Kutsetsereka pang'ono kumasonyeza moyo wautali wosindikiza.
Kupeza kuuma ndi kachulukidwe kuchokera kumagwiritsidwe ntchito:
Kutsika{{0}kupanikizika, kutsekeka kosasunthika (monga chitetezo cha fumbi la zoyatsira): Kutsika-kulimba,{4}}zinthu zobwereranso (kuchuluka 0.35–0.45 g/cm³) zitha kusankhidwa.
{{0}kupanikizika kwambiri, kusindikiza kwamphamvu (monga mapaketi a batire): Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zolimba-mpaka-zolimba kwambiri komanso zotsekeka kwambiri-zothamanga kwambiri (kachulukidwe: 0.5–0.7 g/cm³), komanso kuti muphatikize mapangidwe oyenera a nthiti.
Monga ogulitsa otchuka aku China mumsika wa silikoni wa thovu, mtengo wathu umapitilira kungopereka mipukutu yosindikiza; zimadalira kukupatsirani njira yosindikizira "yosamalira-yaulere" pa moyo wanu wonse - zomwe zimatheka kudzera mukukonzekera bwino (kukhathamiritsa kusakanikirana kwa -kulumikizana/kutulutsa thovu) ndi kuwongolera mosamalitsa (kuwonetsetsa kuti pore imafanana).
Ngati mukuyang'ana zida zosindikizira zomwe zimayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana-monga kutentha kwambiri-kutsika pang'ono, kuwala kwa ultraviolet, kapena -kugwedezeka kwakukulu{3}}chonde khalani omasuka kutilankhula nthawi iliyonse. Titha kukupatsirani data yolosera makonda anu molingana ndi kayetsedwe kanu kamene kakuphwanyidwa ndi kutentha, kukuthandizani kuchepetsa mamangidwe-kuopsa kokhudzana ndi data{6}}zoyendera.