Ma parameters omwe mainjiniya osindikiza ayenera kuwerenga zinthu zikalephera

M'makampani opanga zinthu, mainjiniya omwe ali ndi udindo wosindikiza nthawi zambiri amakhala mamembala ofunikira kwambiri pagulu la polojekiti.

Pamene makina akugwira ntchito bwino, palibe amene amakuganizirani; koma zida zikayamba kudontha (kwamadzi, mafuta, kapena gasi) pamalo a kasitomala, munthu woyamba kuyankha mosakayikira ndi injiniya wosindikiza.

Katswiri wamapangidwe amawunika kaye kukula kwa ngalandezo, ndikutsimikizira kuti amakokedwa molondola molingana ndi kulekerera. Dipatimenti ya IQC imatsimikizira lipoti la fakitale, kutsimikizira kuti zinthu zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi opanga akuluakulu zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse. Pamapeto pake, udindo wowunikira kulephera ukugwera pa injiniya wosindikiza.

Munachotsa mphete ya O{0}} yolakwika; pamwamba pake panalibe, popanda ming'alu kapena zizindikiro za dzimbiri za mankhwala. Kusintha kokhako kunali kuti anali ataphwanyidwa ndipo sakanatha kubwezeretsedwa ku mawonekedwe ake oyambirira.

Pakadali pano, kuyang'ana kwambiri kulimba kwamphamvu komanso kulimba kwa M'mphepete mwa nyanja zomwe zalembedwa m'magawo azinthu za ogulitsa zitha kulephera kuzindikira chomwe chikulepherera.

Pazida zomata za polima, kusindikiza kwa-kwanthawi yayitali sikumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuuma kwa zinthu kapena kulimba kwamphamvu, koma ndi gawo lomwe nthawi zambiri limaganiziridwa: compression set (CS).

Tiyeni tifufuze parameter iyi mozama kuchokera pamalingaliro atatu.

Kusindikiza - ndi chiyani kwenikweni chomwe chikusindikizidwa?

Musanayambe kukambirana kupotoza kokhazikika kokhazikika, ndikofunikira kukonza malingaliro olakwika amakina: kusindikiza sikudalira "kutsekereza" koma "kuthandizira."

chithunzi

Mukayika mphete ya silikoni O-mu poyambira chitsulo ndikumangitsa flange, silikoni imapanikizidwa (nthawi zambiri mpaka 15% -30%).

Silicone ndi zinthu zotanuka kwambiri. Akakanikizidwa, maunyolo ake amasokonekera mokakamiza, zomwe zimapangitsa mphamvu yobwereranso (kulumikizana ndi nkhawa) yomwe ikufuna kubwerera momwe idayambira.

Mphamvu yobwereza iyi imatsutsana mwamphamvu ndi khoma lachitsulo; mwachidziwitso, bola ngati ipitilira kukakamiza kwamadzimadzi amkati, sing'angayo sitayikira konse.

Choncho, akamanena za kusindikiza chagona mosalekeza makonzedwe zotanuka mphamvu ndi silikoni maselo unyolo pansi psinjika, kuwapangitsa kuti mwamphamvu amamatira pamwamba zitsulo.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa kulephera kwa chisindikizo?

Popeza kuti kusindikiza chisindikizo kumadalira mphamvu yobwezeretsa, kodi chingachitike n’chiyani ngati mphamvu imeneyi itatha?

Kodi compressive permanent deformation ndi chiyani?

Tidawongolera gel osakaniza a silicone ndi 25%, kuphika mu uvuni pa madigiri 120 kwa maola 70, kenako ndikuchotsa ndikulola kuziziritsa ndikubwerera ku mawonekedwe ake oyambirira.

Ngati ingathe kubwezeretsanso makulidwe ake oyambirira, CS=0% (elastomer yabwino yomwe kulibe kwenikweni).

Ngati itaphwa ndipo sichichira, CS=100% (zikusonyeza kuti yasanduka pulasitiki yolimba).

Kodi nchifukwa ninji maunyolo a mamolekyu ‘sangabwerere ku mkhalidwe wawo wakale’? Nkhani ili pamlingo wa microscopic:

Mulingo Wathupi - Kupumula kwa Kupsinjika ndi Kukonzanso Kwagawo la Chain

Silicone imapangidwa ndi kulumikizidwa kwa maunyolo aatali a maselo. Pamene kupanikizika kwa nthawi yaitali pa kutentha kwakukulu,

Imachepetsa kupsinjika kwake mkati mwa kutsetsereka pang'onopang'ono ndikukonzanso.

Zili ngati kukanikiza ulusi wofewa pansi pabokosi kwa chaka chimodzi-pomwe mukuutulutsa, umakhala utakhazikika kale ndipo sungathe kuyambiranso kulimba kwake.

"Kunyengerera" kumeneku kumabweretsa kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mphamvu yobwereranso.

Mulingo wa Chemical - Kusweka ndi kukonzanso kwa cross-linking bond

Ichi ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri. Kutanuka kwa silikoni kumadalira-kulumikiza maunyolo pakati pa ma molekyulu (monga sulfure-mabondi a sulfure).

Kutentha kwapamwamba komanso kupanikizana kwanthawi yayitali, mtanda woyambirira-wolumikizana ndi ma bond amaduka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya elastic traction iwonongeke.

Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri, ma free radicals opangidwa ndi kuthyoka apanganso-kupanga mtanda watsopano-wolumikizana ndi ma bond pansi pa zinthu zopsinja-zotsekera bwino unyolo wa mamolekyulu mu "flat state." Ngakhale mphamvu yakunja ikachotsedwa, zomangira zatsopano zamakemikolo zimenezi zimalepheretsa zinthuzo kubwereranso ku mmene zimakhalira poyamba.

Physical slip + chemical recombination=compressive permanent deformation.

Mtengo wapamwamba wa CS umabweretsa gel osakaniza a silikoni komanso kupsinjika kocheperako. Pamapeto pake, mphamvu yobwezera ikakhala yosakwanira poyerekeza ndi kuthamanga kwamadzimadzi, kutayikira kumachitika.

Kodi izi ziyenera kuyankhidwa bwanji kuchokera kumalingaliro aukadaulo?

Tsopano popeza tamvetsetsa njira zoyambira, tingapewe bwanji ngoziyi popanga zidindo ndikusankha zida?

1. Pomasulira deta ya CS, nthawi zonse fotokozani mikhalidwe yoyesera.

Gome la katundu wakuthupi loperekedwa ndi wogulitsa nthawi zambiri limati "mapindikidwe osatha pansi pa kuponderezedwa: 25%.Komabe, pa kutentha kotani, pansi pa chiŵerengero cha kuponderezana kotani, ndipo miyeso imeneyi inatengedwa kwa utali wotani?

Ngati mtengo wa CS uyesedwa pa 25% pa 100 digiri, ukhoza kupitirira 50% pansi pa zochitika zenizeni za 150 digiri chifukwa cha kukalamba kwachangu ndi okosijeni.

Chofunikira chachikulu ndichakuti pakuwunika mtengo wa CS, kutentha kwa mayeso sikuyenera kukhala kotsika kwambiri kuposa kutentha kwazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo nthawi yoyeserera iyenera kukhala maola 70 kapena maola 168. Zomwezo zokha zitha kukhala ngati zolozera pakusankha.

2. Yang'anani pa mtanda-kulumikiza dongosolo m'malo mowonjezera kuuma mwakhungu

Ngati mtengo wa CS sukukwaniritsa zofunikira, musayese kubwezera mwa kuwonjezera kulimba kwa gel osakaniza-kuuma sikungasinthe kupindika kosatha. M'malo mwake, kuchitapo kanthu kuyenera kulunjika pa chemical cross-linking system.

Kutenga NBR kapena EPDM monga zitsanzo: machitidwe a sulfure vulcanization amapanga sulfure-mabuluu a sulfure okhala ndi mphamvu zochepa, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kusweka ndi kukonzanso pa kutentha kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti CS ikhale yochepa.

Potengera kachitidwe ka peroxide vulcanization, carbon-ma bondi a carbon single amapangidwa, omwe amaonetsa mphamvu zomangira zomangira zambiri ndipo samatha kung'ambika ndi kugwirizananso pansi-pakupanikizana kwa kutentha kwambiri, potero kumachepetsa kupindika kosatha.

Kugulitsa{{0}kuchepa ndi kuchepa kwa kung'ambika kwa peroxide{1}}zowonongeka. Izi zikuyimira kusamvana pakati pa kupeza "osatha{3}}kung'ambika" ndi kusunga "zinthu zobwereranso".

3. Kulipiritsa kuchepetsedwa kwa zinthu za CS kudzera mu kapangidwe kake

Ngati mtengo wa CS wa zinthuzo wawongoleredwa kufika pamlingo wake (monga, 30%), tingatani kuti titsimikize kuti kusindikiza kumapitirizabe kugwira ntchito-nthawi yayitali?

Popeza tikudziwa kuti itaya mphamvu, tiyenera kuphatikizira kutayika kumeneku muzopatsa mphamvu popanga miyeso ya groove.

Komabe, chiŵerengero cha psinjika sichingachuluke mpaka kalekale. Kuponderezana kukakwera kwambiri (kupitirira 40%), kupanikizika kwa mkati mwa polima kumawonjezeka kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mawotchi awonongeke msanga ndipo motero akufulumira kuwonongeka kwa CS.

Njira yabwino kwambiri ndi yoti akatswiri opanga zomangamanga ndi akatswiri opanga zida azigwirizana kuti azitha kupirira potengera kupendekera kwamphamvu-kumene sikusokoneza kukhulupirika kwa silikoni kapena kulephera kusunga chiwongolero chokwanira cha kusindikiza pakadutsa zaka khumi.

Kupanga chisindikizo kumatanthauza kukhala bwenzi komanso mdani wanthawi.

Katswiri wosindikizira weniweni samangoyang'ana kutsimikizira kuti chisindikizo chopanda madzi chimakhala chopanda madzi panthawi yomanga.

Chodetsa nkhaŵa chawo chili chakuti, pambuyo pa zaka zitatu, zisanu, kapena ngakhale khumi-asanaone mobwerezabwereza kutentha kwapamwamba ndi kupanikizika kwambiri{1}}mamolekyuwa adzakhalabe okhazikika pamwamba pazitsulo.

Ngati muli ndi chisindikizo chomwe chimatuluka mobwerezabwereza koma osazindikira chomwe chayambitsa, kapena kupeza kuti matebulo a katundu wa ogulitsa akusokoneza-omasuka kulankhula ndi katswiri wathu wamalonda ndi zojambula zanu ndi zitsanzo zomwe zalephera.

Lumikizanani tsopano