Akatswiri ambiri omwe akuchita nawo R&D kapena kuyang'anira khalidwe mwina adakumanapo ndi vutoli pofufuza zomwe zikubwera (IQC). Nditaunikanso kawiri, ndikukhulupirira kuti pamafunika kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane.
Kodi “mawonetseredwe” amatanthauza chiyani? Kodi limatanthawuza momwe imamverera panthawi yomanga kapena mphamvu ya makina pambuyo pochiritsidwa komaliza?
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani? 5% kapena 50%?
Popanda malire akuchulukirachulukira komanso mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito, funsoli silingayankhidwe ngati "inde" kapena "ayi." Chifukwa chake, tipitilira molunjika kuchokera kuukadaulo kuti tifufuze bwino nkhani ya "glue viscosity variation." Zomwe tikuyenera kuwunika ndikuwona ngati kusinthaku kumachokera ku zolakwika za njira zoyesera kapena kusinthasintha kwa zinthu{2}}ndi kulephera kotani komwe kungayambitse kusinthasintha kotereku pamakina opanga.
01 Mkhalidwe wa Viscosity
Koma ngati titengera malingaliro ena ndikuganizira za dziko losawoneka bwino la ma polima, kukhuthala kwenikweni ndi njira yamphamvu kwambiri. The mamasukidwe akayendedwe a polima zipangizo zimachokera pazifukwa ziwiri: choyamba, yachiwiri ankachita pakati unyolo maselo (kuphatikizapo van der Waals mphamvu, hydrogen zomangira, ndipo ngakhale yomweyo dipole mphindi akuwuka zosakhalitsa m'gulu ma elekitironi mtambo kugawa); chachiwiri, kukolezerana komwe kumachitika muutali-utali wa ma polima, womwe umafanana ndi ukonde wopiringizika wolukidwa mlengalenga. Tikamagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya macroscopic-monga mphamvu yochokera ku valavu yotulutsa mpweya kapena kumeta ubweya pa chozungulira cha viscometer{4}}kuti tipangitse kuyenda, timakhala tikugwiritsa ntchito makina kuti tigonjetse zokopa za ma electromagnetic ndi kuthyola mfundozo.
"Mphamvu yakukangana yamkati" yopangidwa ndi unyolo wa mamolekyulu panthawi yotsetsereka ndikuwonetsetsa kwamphamvu kwa mamachulukidwe. Chifukwa chake, mamasukidwe akayendedwe si chinthu chokhacho cha guluu, koma chithunzithunzi chonse cha kapangidwe kake ka maselo ndi ma intermolecular.
Izi zikufotokozeranso chifukwa chake kukhuthala kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zinthu monga kutentha, kumeta ubweya, ndi nthawi-popeza magawowa amasintha mwachindunji kuyenda kwa mamolekyu ndi kutsekeka kwawo.
02 Kukondera kwa data nthawi zambiri kumachokera ku kusalinganiza molakwika malire a mayeso.
Kubwereranso ku funso la mnzakeyo, magulu awiri a zomatira amawonetsa ma viscosity osiyanasiyana. Tisanakayikire zolakwika zakuthupi, choyamba tiyenera kuletsa kusokonezedwa ndi njira zoyesera. Popeza madzi ambiri a polima si-a Newtonian fluid, amaika malire okhwimitsa zinthu poyezetsa.
Ubale wowoneka bwino pakati pa kutentha ndi kusuntha kwa magawo a unyolo wa polima amatsata njira yofotokozera (molingana ndi lamulo la Arrhenius empirical). Nthawi zambiri, kutentha kwapakati kwa malo osungiramo zomatira ndi madigiri 20, pomwe kutentha kwa chipinda choyesera ndi madigiri 25.
Ngati chitsanzocho sichinagwirizane ndi kutentha kokwanira mumadzi osambira osasinthasintha pambuyo poyesa (zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafunika mphindi zopitirira 30), deta yopimidwa idzawonetsa zolakwika kwambiri. Kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kwa digirii 1 kungayambitse kusintha kwa viscosity ya 5% mpaka 10%.
Shear Rate: Njira zambiri zowongolera khalidwe zimanyalanyaza kusasinthika kwa mtundu wa rotor ndi liwiro lozungulira poyerekezera magulu. Madzi a polima amawonetsa mawonekedwe a "kumeta-khalidwe lakuonda."
Kukwera kwa liwiro lozungulira, kumapangitsa kuti maunyolo a cell asunthike mokakamiza komanso osavulala, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kowoneka bwino kwamawonekedwe. Chofunika kwambiri, poyesa madzi omwe si-a Newtonian fluids, malo amawonekedwe akayendedwe pa liwiro limodzi lozungulira nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda tanthauzo; zomwe ziyenera kufananizidwa ndi "kumeta ubweya wokhotakhota-makamakamakamakamakamakamaka" opezedwa pamitengo yosiyana yometa ubweya.
Nthawi (Thixotropy): Mu machitidwe okhala ndi thixotropic wothandizila monga fumed silika, ndi hydrogen chomangira maukonde mitundu mkati mpumulo (kuchititsa mkulu mamasukidwe akayendedwe), pamene maukonde amasokonekera pansi kukameta ubweya maganizo (kuchititsa otsika mamasukidwe akayendedwe).
Izi zikufanana ndi kukhala ndi anthu awiri opikisana pa mpikisano wa mamita 100-: mmodzi wangomaliza kumene kutenthedwa-ndipo akukhalabe ndi thanzi labwino, pamene wina wathamanga kale mipikisano isanu motsatizana ndipo thupi lawo silinasinthebe asanayese wachisanu ndi chimodzi. Kusiyana komwe kwawonedwa m'zotsatira zomaliza sikungasonyeze kusiyana kwenikweni kwa luso koma kungangochokera ku kusiyana kwa mikhalidwe yawo{5}}yakuyesako. Ngati isanakwane-nthawi yodula kapena yopuma isiyana pakati pa magulu awiri a zitsanzo musanayesedwe, zowerengerazo zimasiyana. Choncho, ndikofunikira kufotokoza momveka bwino musanayese kutalika kwa nthawi yodula komanso nthawi yomwe miyeso iyenera kutengedwa. Popanda kulinganiza bwino kwa nthawi, deta siyingafanane bwino.
03 Kodi pali kusiyana kotani komwe kungayesedwe kukhala kwachilendo? Kodi zingakhudze liti malonda?
Choyamba tiyenera kuvomereza kuti njira ya polymerization imangochitika mwachisawawa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kufuna kugawa kulemera kwa ma molekyulu pamagulu onse a zomatira.
Zodziwika bwino zamafakitale zikuwonetsa kuti kusinthasintha kwa viscosity mkati mwa ± 10% mpaka ± 15% kumagwera m'malire olekerera.
Ngati kupatuka kupitilira 20%–30%, kusamala ndikofunikira-izi zikuwonetsa zovuta zomwe zingachitike ndi batchi ya utomoni kapena kubalalitsidwa kosiyana kwa thixotrop. Kodi kupatuka kumeneku kungabweretse zotsatira zotani?
Zimatengera ndondomeko yanu zenera. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zomatira pamanja kapena pang'onopang'ono{1}}zingochitika zokha, kusiyana kwa 20% makulidwe kungasokoneze malingaliro a wogwiritsa ntchito koma sizimakhudza mphamvu ya bondi yomaliza.
Kwa mizere yodzipangira yokha, kusintha kwa viscosity kumakhudza mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa zomatira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pansi pa kupanikizika kofanana ndi nthawi, kukhuthala kwakukulu kumatha kulepheretsa zomatira kuyenda bwino kapena kuyambitsa zingwe; kukhuthala kocheperako kungayambitse kugwa kapena kufalikira kosakonzekera kwa zomatira. Izi zitha kusokoneza kamvekedwe ka kupanga. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikunyowetsa koyenera.
Kukhuthala kochulukira kumachepetsa madzimadzi, kulepheretsa zomatira kuti zisalowe mokwanira-pamtunda wovuta wa gawo lapansi. Ngakhale zikuwonekera pogwiritsira ntchito, ma voids angapo ang'onoang'ono amapezeka pa mawonekedwe. Pansi pa kupsinjika, chiopsezo cha mawonekedwe a delamination chimakwera kwambiri. Malonda: WorkBuddy AI Office Assistant - perekani-kwaulere ndi okonzeka-ku-kugwiritsa ntchito. Yesani WorkBuddy tsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, mapangidwe a bubble amatha kuchitika. Kuchulukira kwa mamachulukidwe kumachepetsa madzimadzi, kulepheretsa zomatira kuti zisalowe mokwanira{{10}pamtunda wovuta wa gawo lapansi. Ngakhale zikuwonekera pogwiritsira ntchito, ma voids angapo ang'onoang'ono amapezeka pa mawonekedwe. Pansi pa kupsinjika, chiopsezo cha mawonekedwe a delamination chimakwera kwambiri. Ad: WorkBuddy AI Office Assistant - perekani{{14}kwaulere ndi kokonzeka-ku{16}}kugwiritsa ntchito. Yesani WorkBuddy tsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, mapangidwe a bubble amatha kuchitika.
Kukhuthala kwa zomatira kumachulukirachulukira, ma microbubble omwe amalowetsedwa panthawi yakugwedezeka kapena kudzaza amakhala ovuta kuchotsa. Ngakhale m'malo opanda vacuum, makina owoneka bwino a{1}}amakonda kutchera thovuli. Akachira, minyewa imeneyi imasintha n’kukhala malo opanikizika kwambiri, omwe{3}}pamagetsi amphamvu kwambiri amatha kutulutsa pang'ono kapena kusweka.
[Engineering-Based Decision-Making Approach] Nazi njira zitatu-zotsatira zaumisiri-kutengera chiweruzo:
1. Choyamba, tsimikizirani ngati kusagwirizanaku kulidi
Magawo awiri a zitsanzo adayesedwa nthawi imodzi pogwiritsa ntchito viscometer, rotor, liwiro lozungulira, kutentha, komanso kupuma kofanana ndi nthawi yometa ubweya. Ngati kusiyana kuli kochepera 15%, ndiye kuti ndizotheka kusintha. Ngati kusiyana kupitirira 20%, kusanthula kwina kuyenera kuchitidwa.
2. Tsopano tiyeni tionenso ndondomeko yanu zenera
Yesani pamzere wopanga: dziwani kuthamanga kwa mpweya wapano, nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito, m'mimba mwake ya singano ya zida zoperekera, ndi mtundu wovomerezeka wa viscosity.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati chipangizo chanu chimapanga zomatira mosalekeza mkati mwa ± 15%, kusiyanasiyana kwamagulu sikungakhudze magwiridwe antchito. Komabe, ngati zenera lololera lili lopapatiza, muyenera kuvomerezana ndi wogulitsa pamiyezo yolimba ya batch control.
3. Pomaliza, yang'anani njira zolephera
Ngati mankhwalawo apambana mayeso ogwira ntchito (mwachitsanzo, kumeta ubweya wa ubweya, kukana kupanikizika, kukalamba) pambuyo pa kusinthasintha kwa viscosity, zimasonyeza kuti kusiyanaku kumagwera m'malire ovomerezeka. Ngati gulu likuwonetsa kunyowetsa bwino kapena thovu lotsalira, pendaninso kusintha kwa viscosity ndikukhazikitsa magawo odzilamulira odzipereka. Ngakhale kukhuthala kokhazikika ndikofunikira, chofunikira kwambiri ndikukhazikika kwake kokwanira pansi pamikhalidwe yanu yopangira.
Kuti mufufuze nkhaniyo mwatsatanetsatane, choyamba chotsani zolakwika zoyezera, kenako yerekezerani zoyeserera zomwe zili mkati mwa mulingo woyenera, ndiyeno gwirizanitsani zopezazi ndi zolephera zenizeni-njira imeneyi imalepheretsa kusokeretsedwa ndi nambala imodzi. Ngati mwakumananso ndi kusagwirizana pakati pa magulu awiri a data yomatira kapena kuchuluka kwa ma voliyumu pamzere wopanga, tsatirani izi.